Do you agree that the Chinese economy is likely (say more than 50% probability) to maintain in the medium term (say, for at least ten years) a rate of annual growth exceeding 6%.
Based on our global economy forecast using the National Institute Global Econometric Model (NiGEM) we estimate that China will grow by 5.9% between 2018-20 and slightly slower thereafter. Over the next ten years the slowdown in population growth and increasing in aging profile will be greater than in Europe. Our production function also suggests a gradual slowdown in TFP. The dynamics of the dependency rate and population look similar to East Asia (ex China) in the 1980s. The short term will depend on how sucessfully China can transition to its new development model as it liberalises its financial structure. This has rarely been a smooth process.
In a monetary union it should not matter where the losses arise (e.g. which regional Fed or national central bank) as both can be easily re-capitalised by the same government. But where there is no central government, as in the case of the Eurozome, the solvency of the regional or national governments becomes important. The design of the QE programme, and comments from ECB board members, seem to reflect this recognition. The next shock to the Eurozone is likely to see this issues resurface.
What is the measure of effectiveness? Surely the objective goes beyond increasing base money; that is simply the operational outcome. If the objective is to increase broad money or nominal GDP - I would argue the objective of QE - then the limited risk sharing will reduce the effectiveness of QE when there is real concern about the solvency of a government. The limited risk sharing increases the probability of the central bank becoming insolvent compared to with risk sharing. And since the government would not be able to re-capitalise it, this carries the risk of capital flight. This would reduce the probability of the objective being achieved. As we know from the recent Greek negotiations, it is far from clear that other EU members are prepared to support an insolvent government. Indeed, one could argue that the greater the QE programme, the more this increases the risk for the central bank if the government is insolvent (or cannot access private markets).
Question 3: Do you agree that implementation of the agreement will lead to an expected decrease in Greek debt repayments?
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Answer:
Strongly Disagree
Confidence level:
Very confident
Comment:
Sadly I do not think that the current deal (such that we know) will be anything like enough to stabilise Greece's finances unless the economy can grow which seems highly unlikely with the likely NPLs in the banking system. I think the end game will be a referendum or fresh election which will decide the fate of Greece in the eurozone.
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Question 2: Do you agree that Greece would be better off defaulting right now rather than signing to the agreement under consideration?
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Answer:
Strongly Disagree
Confidence level:
Confident
Comment:
At a minimum I would have thought one would want capital controls in place first before defaulting. Since there is some way to go before the debt relief is known (if there is any), with capital controls in place I don't see why one would not hear the offer first.
The CFM surveys informs the public about the views held by prominent economists based in Europe on important macroeconomic and public policy questions. Some surveys focus specifically on the UK economy (as the CFM is a UK research centre), but surveys can in principle focus on any macroeconomic question for any region. The surveys shed light on the extent to which there is agreement or disagreement among these experts. An important motivation for the survey is to give a more comprehensive overview of the beliefs held by economists and in particular to include the views of those economists whose opinions are not frequently heard in public debates.
Questions mainly focus on macroeconomic and public policy topics. Although there are some questions that focus specifically on the UK economy, the setup of the survey is much broader and considers questions related to other countries/regions and also considers questions not tied to a specific economy.
The surveys are done in collaboration with the Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR).
China’s growth slowdown: likely persistence and effects
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Question 1:
Do you agree that the Chinese economy is likely (say more than 50% probability) to maintain in the medium term (say, for at least ten years) a rate of annual growth exceeding 6%.
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ECB's quantitative easing
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Question 2:
Do you agree that the structure of the ECB's QE programme makes the Eurozone more fragile and increases the risk of one country leaving the euro?
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Question 1:
Do you agree that the design of the ECB's QE programme reduces its effectiveness?
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Deal or no deal: The Greece standoff
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Question 3: Do you agree that implementation of the agreement will lead to an expected decrease in Greek debt repayments?
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Question 2: Do you agree that Greece would be better off defaulting right now rather than signing to the agreement under consideration?
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