Question 2: How much lower will the potential growth rate of GDP in the Eurozone in 2025 be due to Covid-19 relative to pre-Covid forecasts?
Answer:
No different
Confidence level:
Confident
Comment:
Historically has been like this and even if the COVID crisis is different in many respects, is not clear why should it be much different regarding growth trends.
Question 1: How much lower will the potential level of GDP in the Eurozone in 2025 be due to Covid-19 relative to pre-Covid forecasts?
Answer:
Between 2% and 5%
Confidence level:
Confident
Comment:
The main problem is not the potential level in the Eurozone in 2025, but how the Eurozone divide, which already increased after the financial-euro crisis, will be in 2025?
Question 2: What is the best mechanism to pay for economic support provided by and to EU member states to combat the COVID-19 crisis?
Answer:
Expanded EU budget (with possible borrowing at the EU level)
Confidence level:
Confident
Comment:
As we have argued (A. Bénasy et al. VoxEU 6 & 20/04/20), I will use several instruments, but if I had to signal one I would have a Recovery Fund, based on Expanded EU budget, but managed outside the EC, possibly EIB.
Question 1: What is the total size of funding that you would advocate at the EU level in support of its members to weather the COVID-19 crisis this year?
Answer:
5-10% of GDP
Confidence level:
Confident
Comment:
The problem is that no matter the number is not significant without knowing that it would be: 1) transfers from EU (enlarged) budget; 2) new EU or EA debt, backed by the budget (i.e. all MS); 3) debt that would be specific countries liabilities (e.g. ESM, SURE), or 4) Credit guarantees (EIB). If it was mostly (1) a much smaller figure would be needed, although (3) and (4) should play their role too.
Question 2: Do you agree that, in a period of great uncertainty and after a prolonged period of weak real wage growth, monetary policy makers can afford to wait for greater certainty about real wage developments and building inflationary pressure before raising interest rates?
From the perspective of the labour market there is no reason to increase interest rates, from the perspective of still indebted economies in need to rebuild their capital even less. Nevertheless, from the international perspective of capital markets one also needs to take into account what others do.
The CFM surveys informs the public about the views held by prominent economists based in Europe on important macroeconomic and public policy questions. Some surveys focus specifically on the UK economy (as the CFM is a UK research centre), but surveys can in principle focus on any macroeconomic question for any region. The surveys shed light on the extent to which there is agreement or disagreement among these experts. An important motivation for the survey is to give a more comprehensive overview of the beliefs held by economists and in particular to include the views of those economists whose opinions are not frequently heard in public debates.
Questions mainly focus on macroeconomic and public policy topics. Although there are some questions that focus specifically on the UK economy, the setup of the survey is much broader and considers questions related to other countries/regions and also considers questions not tied to a specific economy.
The surveys are done in collaboration with the Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR).
Post Covid-19 Potential Output in the Eurozone
Question 2: How much lower will the potential growth rate of GDP in the Eurozone in 2025 be due to Covid-19 relative to pre-Covid forecasts?
Question 1: How much lower will the potential level of GDP in the Eurozone in 2025 be due to Covid-19 relative to pre-Covid forecasts?
The Eurozone COVID-19 Crisis: EU Policy Options
Question 2: What is the best mechanism to pay for economic support provided by and to EU member states to combat the COVID-19 crisis?
Question 1: What is the total size of funding that you would advocate at the EU level in support of its members to weather the COVID-19 crisis this year?
Labour Markets and Monetary Policy
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Question 2: Do you agree that, in a period of great uncertainty and after a prolonged period of weak real wage growth, monetary policy makers can afford to wait for greater certainty about real wage developments and building inflationary pressure before raising interest rates?
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